Design and optimization of integrated PIFA and EBG structure to reduce specific absorption rate for wideband wireless applications

Abstract

The mobile communication services have drastically developed in the newlinelast two decade and that has made us to be more exposed to radio frequency newlineelectromagnetic waves in our daily lives. The number of mobile newlinephone users have crossed world population of 6.6 billion from 2016 newlineonwards and expected to exceed 7.8billion by the end of 2028. This has newlinetriggered the concern about the harmful radiation effects of cellphone newlineexposure on human health. Thus the main objective of the research work is to newlinedesign an antenna for mobile phone system that has the better specific newlineabsorption rate recommended by the international radiation governing newlineagencies. newlineAs the high performance mobile phones are required to cover major newlinepart of the mobile phone frequencies as well as ultra wide band frequencies, a newlinenew single ultra wideband planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) is presented and newlineintended to house all the mobile phone bands that can cover as low as GSM, newlineLTE 800MHz to as high as up to WLAN 5.2GHz and even extended up to newline10GHz for M2M applications. A defected ground plane technique and broad newlineband techniques are used to achieve such single ultra large bandwidth. Several newlinechanges are made to get tradeoff between properties of PIFA, its size, wider newlinebandwidth and improved performance with at least VSWR and#706; 3 corresponding newlineto reflection coefficient S11 and#706; -6dB in most of bands which is acceptable for newlinemobile terminal devices. The recorded results show ultra large bandwidth newlinewith good performance. newline