Synthesis of Novel Commiphora mukul metal oxide nanocomposites Evaluation for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes

Abstract

iv newlineABSTRACT newlineKeeping in view of the toxicity of organic dyes, waste water management is one of the currently newlineimportant topics of the researchers. The dyes are removed as effluents from the neighboring newlineindustries and pollute the drinking water, sea and lakes. That destroys the harmonic level of life in newlinevarious living organisms. Some of the health hazards are even life threatening. Hence, in the present newlinethesis work, the main motive was to detoxify the waste water and utilize it for daily use. It also sorts newlineout the problem of aquatic life animals. The natural polymers have the the inherent characteristic of newlinebeing degraded through microoganisms and highly resemble the natural tissues in the modified newlineforms. However, their low mechanical strength can be compensated with the insertion of some newlinebiodegradable synthetic monomers through graft copolymerization technique. It provides newlinemechanical stability and retains the biodegradable nature in the form of hydrogels. There can be a newlinevariety of hydrogels. The simplest ones are the semi-interpenetrating networks and binary graft newlinecopolymeric networks. Grafting of polymeric form of monomer onto the naturally branched chains newlineof polymers followed by the crosslinking of different chains helps in their synthesis. The only newlinedifference between semi-interpenetrating networks and binary graft copolymeric networks is that in newlinethe later case copolymeric form of two or more monomers is grafted as compared to the single newlinemonomer based polymeric chain. The functionality of the basic hydrogels can further be enhanced newlinethrough insertion of another crosslinked network of polymeric chains through in-situ addition of newlinerequired monomer. That results in the synthesis of their respective interpenetrating networks. The newlinevarious polymeric systems were synthesized using aqueous extract of Commiphora mukul as newlinebackbone, acrylamide as primary monomer, acrylic acid as secondary monomer, N, N methylene newlinebisacrylamide as crosslinker and ammonium persulphate as initiator for carrying out the free radical newlinepolymerization