Environmental Impact Assessment and Regulatory Measures in India An Appraisal

Abstract

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is a well-recognized legal tool to reconcile the conflict environmental values and developmental needs. It has been recognized by Indian Judiciary as an effective instrument to augment the sustainable development. To accomplish the aim of sustainable development, the outcomes of projects, programs, or policies must be evaluated at several levels prior to implementation. EIA investigates these impacts and forecasts future environmental changes. It not only provides adequate assistance to administrative agencies, but it also assists in balancing social values and environmental quality; and it assists in making the best decision among different accessible alternatives. If during impact assessment it is found that any project is likely to cause adverse impact on the environment then it shall be modified if possible or abandoned. It is an instrument/ tool to foresee and avoid the potential damages to environment. It is based on the principle that prevention is better than cure. Prevention is ecologically benign and also economically viable. The international community has long recognized the need of analyzing the environmental consequences of various activities in order to reduce these impacts as much as feasible. newline