Preparation of Different Types of Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications

Abstract

The major purpose of this study was to synthesize different types of nanoparticles using novel technologies for identifying their efficacies in specific biomedical applications. The research work comprises of the preparation, characterization and potential biomedical applications of three types of nanoparticles (silver, curcumin, and graphene oxide nanoparticles). First, we investigated the preparation of silver nanoparticles using green technology and embedded in porous concrete pebbles for the complete decontamination of water. This new technology of in situ generation and permanent embedment of silver nanoparticles inside the porous concrete pebbles lead to a simple, efficient, bio-fouling resistant device that can inhibit the growth of bacteria at faster flow rates than conventional filters without consuming any energy/voltage or current. Secondly, the curcumin nanoparticles were prepared using wet-milling technique with enhanced aqueous solubility and bioavailability than normal curcumin in terms of their bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. The same nanoparticles were also coated on the commercially available bandages and controlled release of drug was studied as medicated patch. Moreover, the use of nanocurcumin has proved to be an active ingredient in herbal remedy as a potent drug candidate for the future of medicine and healthcare. In addition to this, we have also fabricated an amperometric biosensor for the detection of lactate with electrostatically functionalized graphene oxide with oxygenated functional groups and transferred onto flexible poly films by thermal embedding technique. The biosensor significantly enhance detection limits and enable label-free, low cost provides long-term stability and highly reproducible detection of a key metabolite lactate in serum newline