Induced mutagenesis in barnyad millet echinocholoa frumentacea using gamma rays and ems for isolation of short dueration and high yield mutants

Abstract

An investigation was carried out in Barnyard millet, variety Co(Kv)2, newlineby treating with three doses each of chemical mutagen Ethyl Methyl newlineSulphonate (60mM, 70 mM and 80 mM), physical mutagen Gamma ray (700 Gy, newline800 Gy and 900 Gy) and combination of EMS and Gamma ray (70mM + 700 Gy, newline70mM + 800 Gy and 70mM +900 Gy) with the objective of Identification of stable, newlineviable and economic mutants with desirable traits such as early maturity, dwarf plant newlinetype with high yield attributing traits. newlineIn the present investigation, attempt was made to estimate the mutagenic newlineefficiency and effectiveness of mutagens, such as EMS and gamma ray and their newlinemixture in induction of variability thereby giving way for effective selection of newlineeconomically important yield attributing traits and also other economically important newlinecharacters such as compact panicle, lodging resistant dwarf mutants and tolerance to newlinesalinity. In the present experimental study, 50 percent germination reduction was newlineobtained at 808.4 Gy of gamma rays and 70.81mM of EMS. With the increase in newlinedose of mutagen, there was a gradual reduction in germination, root and shoot length, newlineseedling survival, Pollen and seed fertility, and plant height. Combination of newlinetreatments is found to create more variability than individual treatments. newlineThe spectrum of chlorophyll mutants identified was in the order of albino, newlinexantha, chlorina viridis and striata. A linear reduction of the effectiveness and newlineefficiency was noticed with increasing dosage of mutagens. EMS was found to be newlinemore effective and efficient in creation of all three bases such as Lethality, Injury and newlinesterility and in inducing chlorophyll and viable mutants on M1 plant and M2 seedling newlinebases than gamma rays and its combination of mutagen. A total of 208 mutants from newlineEMS and 191 mutants from gamma rays and 92 mutants from EMS+Gamma rays newlinetreated population were identified as viable mutants in M2 generation. newlineIt was observed that the extent of variability obtained in M3 generation also newlinevaried for all the quantitative characters st