Green Synthesis And Characterization Of Metallic Nanoparticles Using Pterocarpus Marsupium Bark Extracts And Study Of Its Therapeutic Applications As Anticancer Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Agents Against Head And Neck Infection

Abstract

Microbial infections and diseases are a major concern to human health, greatly affecting survivability. Cancer is one such disease of global concern that is characterized by its high occurrence and mortality rates. Cancer of the oral cavity (oral cancer) is quite widespread in the Asian and South-East Asian nations including India, with high prevalence among men as compared to women. Oral cancer is mostly caused as a result of human lifestyle and habits like consumption of alcohol, smoking, and chewing tobacco, chewing beetle nuts. Very few cases of oral cancer occur due to the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Besides, these factors, lack of oral hygiene is another important factor. The occurrence of several multidrug-resistant microbes in the oral cavity also leads to the occurrence and progression of cancer. Oral cancer has poor prognosis at an initial stage thus leading to higher mortality rates and lower chances of survival among the patients. Conventional treatment regimes such as surgical resurrections, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of any two or more methods are widely practiced but miserably fail to provide better success rates. The current research aims to find better alternatives to the current practices. The work comprised of three objectives; the first one was to investigate the interaction of potential anti-cancer agents like docetaxel and berberine with p53 via In silico assessment and to study their anticancer activities against oral cancer cells. The second objective emphasized the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the bark extracts of Pterocarpus marsupium, a medicinally important plant, and their activity against multidrug-resistant microbes of the oral cavity. The third objective aimed at synthesizing gold nanoparticles from the same extracts and utilizing them as a potential anti-cancer agent against oral cancer cells. In silico results revealed the molecular interaction of docetaxel and berberine with p53 and the molecules were found to be potential p53 inducers and inhi