Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Different Parts of Perilla Frutescens Bhangira Found on Higher Altitude in Himalayan Region

Abstract

A herb of interior and remote villages of Uttarakhand Perilla frutescens (commonly known as Bhangira) is scientifically investigated first time in view of its traditional uses and folklores in treating various diseases and microbial infections. newlineQualitative phytochemical screening of methanol and aqueous extract of all parts was performed to explore the scientific basis of medicinal potential. Most of the phytochemicals were found in methanol extract. Free radical scavenging activity of methanolic extract of all parts has been estimated using the DPPH method, the crude methanolic extracts of all parts showed antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 5.95 ± 0.10, 8.28 ± 0.20, 66.27 ± 0.17, 80.03 ± 0.10 and 122.35 ± 0.17 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 value for ascorbic acid was 5.19 ± 0.26 µg/. BHT has a comparatively high IC50 value of 108.46 ± 0.57 µg/mL.The results clearly indicate Perilla frutescens could be a potential source of new drugs. newlineThe FTIR spectrumswere used to identify the functional group of the active components.GC-MS indicated the presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and a large number of phytochemicals were detected in different solvents in Perilla frutescens. The HPTLC analysis in different solvents also revealed antioxidant activity of this plant. newlineThe results indicated that Perilla frutescens showed antibacterial and anticandidal activities and may be a promising potential candidate for the development of new antimicrobial phytomedicine. newlineIn vitro potential of anti-diabetic activity of Perilla frutescensthrough and#945;amylase inhibition was estimated in methanolic extracts.Seeds of bhangira have exhibited the maximum anti-diabetic activity followed byleaves, stem, roots, and flowers.No cytotoxicity was detected in any extract of this plant. newlineThe presence of essential metals content inPerilla frutescensmake ita more nutritional and a natural source of mineral nutrientsand Omega- 3,6 and 9 fatty acids and a rich source of proteins. newline