Design Fabrication and Biomechanical Evaluation of Lattice Structured Bone Implants Finite Element Analysis In Vitro Corrosion Testing and Fatigue Behavior Assessment

Abstract

newline xxii newlineABSTRACT newlineThe increasing demand for biomedical implants, driven by aging populations and the rising prevalence of orthopedic conditions, necessitates advanced materials and manufacturing techniques. This thesis focuses on the design, fabrication, and evaluation of lattice-structured bone implants created through additive manufacturing. Lattice structures, inspired by natural bone architecture, provide a unique balance of mechanical strength, reduced stiffness, and enhanced biological integration. Using Polylactic Acid (PLA) and its composites as the primary materials, this study investigates their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical performance. newlineThe research integrates Finite Element Analysis (FEA), in-vitro corrosion testing, and fatigue behavior assessment to optimize implant designs for load-bearing applications. Various lattice geometries, including Octahedral, Diamond, and Cubic structures, are evaluated to identify configurations that maximize strength and minimize stress shielding. Additive manufacturing enables the production of patient-specific implants with precise control over pore size and geometry, enhancing osseointegration and load distribution. newlineThis study highlights the transformative potential of lattice-structured implants in addressing limitations of traditional metallic implants, such as stress shielding and biocompatibility issues. The findings contribute to the development of next-generation bone implants, combining mechanical robustness and biological compatibility, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the need for revision surgeries. The proposed methodologies and results provide a comprehensive framework for advancing biomedical implant research and applications.