Identification and characterization of genes causing gastric cancer and the development of biomarkers for diagnosis

Abstract

Almost 10 million individuals with cancer died in 2020 worldwide, making as the leading cause of death. According to Global cancer statistics, gastric cancer (GC) was the fifth most prevalent cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer death. According to age-standardized incidence rates, the incidence of cancer in Asia is 169.1 (17.5%) in each 100 000 population, with a mortality rate of 101.6 (10.9%). In Asia, stomach and oesophageal cancer incidence are 1301496, with a one-year prevalence of 735569. In Asia, China is leading in incidence and mortality, and India is the third leading GC incidence and prevalent country. Certain risk factors cause GC, such as dietary factors, consumption of alcohol, chewing of tobacco, environmental factors, infectious agents such as microaerophilic bacteria known as Helicobacter pylori, and specific genes that play a crucial role in GC causation. Hence, in the current study, particular genes were isolated from those that have genetic mixing with the infection of H. pylori. The association of gene polymorphism on CYP2C9*3 was evaluated among the GC cases, TNF-and#945; at and#8722;308 G/A, and#8722;238 G/A, and and#8722;857 C/T and cycloxygenase COX-2 1195GA, 765GC, and 1290AG with GC-cases and healthy controls were tested among the GC-cases and healthy controls. Moreover, the anti-H. pylori drugs were screened through a computational approach and physically surveyed to identify the most efficient drug. newlineFirstly, the comparative association among both groups was statistically significant, with a p-value of 0.003 when tested with -1195GA. It was observed that the SNPs of both the GC-case group and the healthy control group in cyclooxygenase or COX-2 1195GA, 765GC, and 1290AG were correlated, and the patients with alleles A in 1195GA, C in 765GC, and G in 1290AG were liable to have H. pylori-infected GC in subgroup analysis with the significant p-values lt 0.05 (0.001,0.006, and 0.04). newlineMoreover, in the second study, 95 diagnosed patients of GC and 61 healthy controls for TNF-and#945; mutation were explored.