Analysis on the Performance of Energy Efficient Routing and Fault Tolerant Data Aggregation Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained enormous attention for their newlinewide range of applications such as environmental monitoring, domestics, newlinemeteorology, agriculture, space, health, and military field surveillance, etc. In newlinemost applications, the sensor nodes are deployed in harsh environments, which newlinemakes them impractical to replace their battery source, in case of energy drain. newlineHence, reducing the energy consumption of the sensor nodes is considered to newlinebe the most critical issue in WSN. Furthermore, the sensor nodes are prone to newlinefailure due to environmental hazards, intrusion, energy depletion, device failure, newlineunwanted event sensing, etc. which leads to network failure. Hence the network newlineshould be fault-tolerant for long run operations of WSNs. newlineThis research focuses on reducing the energy consumption of the sensor nodes newlineand maximizing the lifetime of the network. In order to achieve this, clusterbased newlineand event-based routing algorithms are proposed and analyzed. Some of newlinethe major contributions to this research include a cluster-based Modified-LEACH newlinealgorithm and an event-based Energy Efficient Routing and Fault Tolerant Data newlineAggregation (EERFTDA) algorithm. In addition to this, the data aggregation newlinephase of EERFTDA algorithm is implemented using National Instruments newlineWireless Sensor Nodes (NI-WSN 3202) to measure its performance in real-time newlineenvironment. newlineThe cluster-based energy efficient routing algorithms for wireless sensor newlinenetwork play a vital role among many other algorithms for improving lifetime of newlinesensor network. One of the most popular clustering protocols proposed for newlineWSNs is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and it still serves newlineas the basis for all the other improved clustering protocols for WSNs. A Modified newlineLEACH protocol is proposed to overcome some of the issues in the LEACH newlinevii newlineprotocol. In the proposed Modified LEACH algorithm, the network is partitioned newlineinto clusters using simulated annealing technique. The cluster head and next newlineheads are chosen by the sink node bas