Protective effect of Carica papaya leaf extract against mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats

Abstract

Owing to many opportunities in the developing nation, many countries newlineare marching towards rapid growth and marked changes are observed in newlinelifestyle, dietary pattern, work, and leisure. These changes globally affect the newlineenvironment with various kinds of pollutants and toxic chemicals. The nondegradable newlinepollutants such as heavy metals and toxic chemicals disturb the newlinestructure and functions of the biological tissue of the body. Mercury is one of newlinethe important imperishable pollutants, which is ubiquitously placed in the newlineenvironment. The inorganic HgCl2 insults the various organs of the biological newlinetissue, but they are more prone to kidney damage due to detoxification and newlineexcretion of toxic substances. Previous reports have been established the newlinerole of chelating agents against mercury toxicity in the kidney, due to its newlinecomplications, the usage of chelators is reduced. Researches around the newlineworld have stressed the importance of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants and newlinetheir secondary phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, newlinesaponins, and terpenoids have beneficial effects on various ailments. These newlinecompounds and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property of the newlinemedicinal plants prevent the bioavailability of mercury, through the chelating newlineproperty. In this study, an analysis was done to determine if an ethanolic newlineextract of Carica papaya leaves could exert nephroprotection against HgCl2 in newlinerats by using biochemical, histological, immunochemical, and gene newlineexpression studies.The entire research is about the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Carica newlinepapaya leaves against HgCl2 induced nephrotoxicity. The phytochemical, newlineserum biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes, newlinehistological, immunohistochemical, and gene expressions were used to newlineanalyze the therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves newlineagainst HgCl2 induced nephrotoxicity. ECP with two various doses was taken newlinefor the study based on the previous literature and dose fixation study. newline