Development of the circuit model For the photovoltaic module and its Applications

Abstract

There is now an unprecedented environmental awareness among newlinethe people of India and the world resulting in search for cleaner energy This newlinehas resulted in the remarkable growth of the field of photovoltaic PV The newlinePV technology offers a key solution for the energy issue due to its unique newlinefeatures such as safety cleanliness robustness and high scalability In newlineaddition to high initial capital cost the PV modules have low energy newlineconversion efficiency with about 42 of the energy lost due to the failures in newlinethe PV balance of system BOS Thus there is an urgent need to improve newlinethe economic viability of the PV systems At present large volume of research newlineon PV are being carried out throughout the world In these research works the newlinePV arrays are modeled as functional ones using higher order programming newlinetechniques with various assumptions to suit a specific problem Several works newlinehave been reported in the literature on the development of the circuit model newlinefor the PV module ranging from the exact model to those models with several newlinetypes of approximations and assumptions However most of them are used to newlineget the output electrical characteristics of the PV module newline newline