Characterization of Typha Angustifolia A Leafy Fibres Extracted by Chemical Process and its Applications in Technical Textiles

Abstract

This thesis investigates the extraction and characterization of fibres from Typha newlineangustifolia leaves using chemical retting methods, optimization of the extraction newlineparameters, and assessing the suitability for various technical applications. The research newlineaims to provide sustainable alternatives to synthetic fibres in technical textiles and paper newlineproduction. newlineThe study commenced with the optimization of retting parameters using NaOH, newlineKOH, and LiOH at different concentrations and durations. The optimal conditions newlineidentified were 20 gpl KOH for 300 minutes, resulting in the highest tensile strength of newline236 grams. Morphological analysis through SEM revealed significant non-fibrous newlinematerial removal and smooth surface features, enhancing fibre properties. newlineFTIR analysis confirmed the removal of non-fibrous materials, while XRD newlinerevealed a crystallinity of 67.61%, comparable to other cellulosic fibres. TGA newlinedemonstrated the fibre s enhanced thermal stability, indicating its potential for hightemperature newlineapplications. Nonwoven fabrics produced from these fibres exhibited newlineexcellent air permeability and water absorption properties, with GSM and fibre length newlinesignificantly influencing these characteristics. Wet-laid nonwovens showed promising newlineresults, with air-permeability peaking at 278 cc/sec/sq.cm and water absorption rates newlinebetween 400 to 500%. newlineFurthermore, the study explored the feasibility of producing writing and printable newlinepaper from Typha fibres. The produced papers demonstrated good strength and durability, newlineviii newlinewith bursting strength ranging from 2.01 to 3.35 kgf and tearing strength between newline3138.128 and 11297.261 mN. These findings highlight the versatility of Typha fibres, newlinesuggesting their potential use in various applications, including packaging and household items. newlineThis research contributes to the growing field of sustainable materials, offering newlinevaluable insights into the optimization of natural fibre extraction and its application in technical textiles and paper products. newline