Pharmacological screening of selected medicinal plants for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in association with Cardio metabolic risk factors

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate the phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of selected medicinal plants using HPTLC and their potential against fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of all plant extracts undergone pharmacological screening to determine their antioxidant, hepatic defense, and acute and subacute toxicity. Their ethnomedical claims are further supported by histopathological analyses of the separated organ (liver). Three plants, N. Cadamba, I. carnea, and P. juliflora were selected for this investigation based on their traditional usage, folklore claims, and ethnopharmacological significance. The present study focuses on the phytochemical profiling and simultaneous quantification of bioactive compounds, specifically quercetin and gallic acid, in methanolic extracts of three medicinal plants: Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Kadamb), Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) (Vilayati Babool), and Ipomoea carnea (Beshram). High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was employed for the analysis, utilizing the CAMAG HPTLC scanner III to obtain chromatograms at wavelengths of 254 nm and 366 nm. The methanolic extract of Neolamarckia cadamba revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, including quantifiable amounts of quercetin and gallic acid, demonstrating its pharmacological significance. Similarly, the methanolic extract of Prosopis juliflora (fruiting aerial part) showed the presence of therapeutic bioactive compounds, with the quantification of quercetin and gallic acid indicating its valuable pharmacological potential. For Ipomoea carnea, the chromatogram displayed multiple peaks, confirming the presence of diverse bioactive compounds, including the quantified markers quercetin and gallic acid. During 12 weeks all rats particularly the HFD group showed significant weight gain. Similar results were observed in HF diet-fed rats treated with N. cadamba, P. juliflora, and I. carnea extracts. Body weight data indicated no significant reduction in treatment