Evaluation of gene expression and cytogenetics anomalies from Peripheral blood and histopathological variations in testis of Male to female MTF transgenders undergoing sex reassignment Surgery

Abstract

9. ABSTRACT newlineIntroduction: The prevalence of transgender individuals globally is estimated to be between newline0.3% to 0.5% of the population, with self-reported figures suggesting a higher prevalence of newlineapproximately 871 per 100,000 individuals. The rise in individuals seeking gender-affirming newlinecare is attributed to increased societal acceptance, although therapy uptake remains lower newlinethan expected. In India, the 2011 census recorded approximately 4.88 lakh transgender newlineindividuals, categorized as a third gender. This study aims to explore the genetic, cytogenetic, newlineand histopathological aspects of Male to Female (MtF) transgender individuals undergoing newlineSex Reassignment Surgery (SRS). newlineAims and Objectives: The primary aim of this hospital-based study is to assess gene newlineexpression and cytogenetic abnormalities in MtF transgenders undergoing SRS. Specific newlineobjectives include: newline1. Evaluating the prevalence of cytogenetic aberrations in peripheral blood and nuclear newlinedamage in buccal cells of MtF transgenders compared to controls. newline2. Analyzing histopathological variations in the testes of MtF transgenders undergoing SRS newlinewith or without hormonal therapy and substance use. newline3. Investigating RYR3 gene expression in transwomen compared to controls. newlineMethodology: Cytogenetic analysis will be performed on peripheral blood samples from newlineboth groups to identify any numerical or structural chromosomal abnormalities. This will newlineinclude conventional karyotyping and advanced molecular techniques such as chromosomal newlinemicroarray analysis to detect subtle genetic variations. Additionally, buccal cell samples will newlinebe collected to assess nuclear damage, which may indicate chromosomal instability due to newlinehormone therapy. Histopathological examinations of testicular tissue will be conducted postsurgery newlineto evaluate structural changes, including the presence of germ cells and Leydig cells, newlineEvaluation of Gene Expression and Cytogenetics Anomalies from Peripheral Blood and Histopathological newlineVariations in Testis of Male To Female (MTF) Transgenders