Development of Inactivated and Recombinant Vaccine for Vibriosis in Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Bloch 1790 and its Comparative Evaluation with Reference to Immune Related Genes

Abstract

Aquaculture is crucial for meeting global food demands, particularly in providing high-quality protein, especially in economically challenged regions. Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), a key species, is widely cultured due to its high demand, but its production is threatened by vibriosis, predominantly caused by Vibrio alginolyticus. Since 2001, V. alginolyticus has caused significant mortality in Asian seabass, with antibiotics being the main control method, despite the risks of resistance and environmental damage. Although some vaccines exist, their efficacy is limited. Developing more effective vaccines is essential for sustainable aquaculture, reducing antibiotic use, and promoting healthier, eco-friendly fish farming. Current control methods rely heavily on antibiotics, raising concerns about antibiotic resistance and environmental degradation. This study focuses on developing and evaluating inactivated and recombinant vaccines to combat V. alginolyticus infection in Asian seabass, aiming to reduce antibiotic use in aquaculture and improve fish health. The research involved multiple stages, each contributing essential insights into pathogen behavior, host response, and vaccine efficacy. newline