Ontology Based Online Expert System In Emergency Medicine

Abstract

In order to provide immediate and urgent care to the critically ill patient, there is an overwhelming need for efficient and well-prepared guidelines for the emergency service provider. Specifically, developing countries like India are facing a lack of well trained and experienced medical professional in the rural area. In addition to this doctor to patient ratio in these countries are also poor and declining day by day with a rise in population. With novel and well-defined policies of government has tried to address this issue toa certain extent. Even though, because of socio-economical condition, geographical situation, unavailability of well-trained EM staff and lack of medical experts in the rural area, the people living in this part of the countries are still not getting enough medical facilities. Computer-basedexpert systems are very well known since a long time for assisting the individuals in the absence of experts by utilizing the knowledge which they possess. Expert systems have found application in various fields. The medical field is also an important sector where these knowledge-based computer systems can prove to be a boon for saving the lives of people. But these systems depend on the individual competency and effectiveness of designing the system based on individual perspective. This puts a limitation of making the whole system rigid and unscalable. This often results in an inefficient and nonreliable system in terms of decision-making skill. The semantic web is the new concept introduced by the scientists to make the machine interpretable web which helps the machine to infer new information based on available information over the web. Ontologies are the prime component of the semantic web, which is used to model the available information in semantic form. Ontologies are based on a shared and consensual domain knowledge agreed by a community. Ontology is expressed by languages known as OWL (Ontology Web Language). One of the popularways of describing ontology is expressing it in terms of RDF (Reso