Development of advanced probiotic driven fermentation models for optimising nutrient recovery and anti nutrient mitigation from offal waste

Abstract

The isolation and identification of novel probiotic bacteria have gained considerable newlineattention for their potential to catalyse a broad spectrum of biological innovations, newlineranging from advancements in nutraceutical development to providing alternatives to newlineantibiotics and enhancing immunostimulatory responses. Probiotics are well-known for newlinetheir ability to produce and stimulate enzymatic activity; in this study, we focus on optimizing enzyme release from selected probiotic strains for diverse applications. To achieve this, we employed a fermentation-based approach to enhance probiotic bioactive newlinecompounds within feed ingredients, aiming to replace antibiotic-based feeds effectively. newlineStudy also emphasized to achieve this target by utilizing Offal wastes as an alternative newlineingredient sources contributing the development of sustainable methods. Solid-state fermentation (SSF), emerges as a promising method for utilizing agro-industrial and offal waste in aqua feed production. SSF releases essential nutrients and bioactive substances from offal waste, thereby enhancing feed nutritional profiles. The present study aimed to develop a mathematical model using response surface methodology (RSM) within statistical software. The quadratic models facilitated the breakdown of complex proteins into simpler proteins and subsequently into amino acids, thereby enhancing nutrient availability. Another model was designed to address the amelioration of antinutritional factors through an enzyme-optimized fermentation process. We investigate the potential of these fermented feeds in aquaculture, addressing issues like newlineindigestibility and imbalanced amino acids. The study explores the utilization of newlinefermented products to enhance somatic growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, and digestive enzyme activity in Catla catla.