A Cross Sectional Study On Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment Among The Adult Population Aged Above 40 Years In Poonamallee Taluk Tiruvallur District Tamil Nadu

Abstract

I n t r o d u c t i o n newline1 newlineINTRODUCTION newlineCommunicable diseases have been the leading causes of newlinemorbidity and mortality for a long time. Due to longer life newlineexpectancy, urbanization and the adoption of unhealthy lifestyles, newlinenon-Communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main cause of newlinemorbidity and premature mortality in the last few decades. 1 newlineGlobally, there were roughly about 57 million deaths in 2016. newlineOf these, 41 million were due to NCDs. 80% of mortality in low - newlineand middle-income countries was due to NCDs. The five major newlineNCDs are heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases newlineand diabetes. newlineIndia is experiencing a rapid health transition with a rising newlineburden of NCDs causing significant morbidity and mortality both in newlinerural and urban population. India shares fifty percent of all death newlineand 63% of the total disease burden. 2 newlineCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders of newlinethe heart and blood vessels. newlineThey include: newlinea. Coronary heart disease newlineb. Cerebrovascular disease newlinec. Peripheral arterial disease. newlined. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism newlinee. Rheumatic heart disease newlineI n t r o d u c t i o n newline2 newlineThe leading cause worldwide is cardiovascular disease (CVDs), newlinea projected 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, accounting newlinefor 32% of all deaths globally. Of these, 85% were due to newlineheart failure and stroke. Out of the 17 million premature mortalities newline(the age under 70) due to noncommunicable diseases in 2019, 38% newlinewere caused by CVDs. 3 newlineThe increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their newlinerisk factors is a global phenomenon. The prevalence of CVD cases newlinehas doubled from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019 and newlinethe number of CVD deaths nearly increased from 12.1 million in newline1990, reaching 18.6 million in 2019. 4 newlineThe India State-level diseases Burden Initiative has reported newlineoverall trends in diseases, injuries and risk factors from 1990 to newline2016. CVDs contributed to 28.1% of total deaths in 2016 which is newlinehigher when compared with 15.2% in 1990.