Exploration of cytokine profiles for prediction of successful pregnancy and lactation and manipulation of cytokine level using certain stimulant in cross bred cows of Assam

Abstract

The present study was conducted to explore the cytokine profile of crossbred cattle of Assam for the prediction of successful pregnancy and lactation and to manipulate the level of cytokine by using certain cytokine stimulants/ regulators/plant leaves. Selected animals was divided into five groups keeping six in each in accordance with the feeding of different cytokine stimulator/regulator. All cows included for the experiment was in similar managemental practices and were offered same type of ration throughout the study. Group I was control without any treatment. Group II was treated with neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) at the rate of 3gm per kg body weight, Group III was fed with bogori leaves (Zizyphus mauritiana) at the rate of 300 mg per kg body weight orally. Group IV and group V were fed Restobal, a herbal immunomodulator at the dose rate of 50 ml orally and bamboo leaves (Bambusa bambos) at the rate of 3gm per kg body weight daily from the last three months of pregnancy to three months after parturition. Inflammatory indices, liver specific biomarkers, energy metabolism indices, protein metabolism index, oxidative stress response, different serum minerals etc. and different hematological parameters were estimated. Estimation of different cytokine profiles was carried out namely TNF-and#945;, IL-1and#946;. IL-6, IL-10 in serum. And record of daily milk yield and growth performance of calves with different cytokine stimulator/regulator/plant leaves. A non significant rise in the level of RBC count was seen in group IV (Restobal treated) in the late gestation than that of the control group. newlineAll the groups showed a similar trend of increase in RBC count till late gestation and then a decline on the day of calving and thereafter. Overall mean showed that there was a higher level of haemoglobin in group II followed by group IV, group III and II. All the groups showed an apparent rise in the level of haemoglobin than that of control group. Overall mean of WBC count in Group II and III were found to be higher than that