Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Cardioprotective Activity of Siddha Formulation Sangu Parpam A Preclinical study

Abstract

Physiochemical analysis of the study drug Sangu Parpam Significantly confirms that important data in systematic standardization of formulation as per AYUSH guidelines. It is further evident that Sangu Parpam is in the nanoparticle size range which aids in higher bioavailability. The results of the acute toxicity study have proven that Sangu Parpam was well tolerated in rats up to the oral dose of 488 mg/Kg and have shown no significant changes in the body weight, general behavior as well as mortality of test animals. Results of sub-acute toxicity studies proved that the drug Sangu Parpam was well tolerated in repeated oral administration at all two (Low, High) dose levels in study animals. No statistically significant differences were recorded in hematological and biochemical parameters. No significant histopathological change was noted even in the high-dose group as compared to the control. No significant differences were found between the initial and final body weights of the animals treated with the test drug. The UV, FTIR, XRD, and TGA analysis helps to characterize the nature of the drug. The SEM and TEM analysis confirms that the presence of particles in this drug is in and around the Nano range. This drug can be considered Nanomedicine. The results of ICP-OES reveal that the drug has no detectable level of heavy metals. The Siddha formulation Sangu parpam has a moderate level of Cardioprotective therapeutic effect, especially in MID and HIGH dose levels which were confirmed by the In Vivo Isoproterenol induced MI in rats followed by drug induction. The Siddha formulation Sangu parpam helps in the reduction of the expression of cytokines. This reveals that the drug has some beneficial therapeutic effects. This trial drug induces the expression of iNOS and protects the myocardium injury. It suggests that it may have some beneficial protection effects. Sangu parpam inhibits ADP-induced aggregation in washed platelets. Sangu Parpam exhibited a powerful radical scavenging activity in the DPPH Scavenging assay.