Expression and Correlation of Inflammatory Genes Mediated by NF kappa B with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient in North Indian Population

Abstract

newline Abstract newlineBackground: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a severe lung condition characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow, mainly due to smoking. COPD is associated with inflammation mediated by nuclear factor-kB (NF-and#61547;B), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and interleukins (ILs). However, the expression of these inflammatory markers in peripheral blood samples of COPD patients is not well studied. newlineMethods: We conducted a case-control study with 88 COPD patients and 88 age-sex matched healthy controls. We measured the protein expression of IL-8 and IL-1and#946; and the mRNA expression levels of NF-and#61547;B p65, COX-2, IL-8, and IL-1and#946; in peripheral blood samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. We also correlated the gene expression patterns with disease parameters such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), body mass index (BMI), and smoking pack-years. newlineResults: We found that COPD patients had significantly higher protein expression of IL-8 (p lt 0.001) and IL-1and#946; (p lt 0.001) and mRNA expression levels of NF-and#61547;B p65 (p lt 0.001), COX-2 (p lt 0.001), IL-8 (p lt 0.001), and IL-1and#946; (p lt 0.001) than healthy controls. We also observed that NF-and#61547;B p65, COX-2, IL-8, and IL-1and#946; mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with FEV1 (p lt 0.05) and positively correlated with BMI (p lt 0.05) and smoking pack-years (p lt 0.05) in COPD patients. newlineConclusion: Our study suggests that COPD patients have increased systemic inflammation, as evidenced by elevated expression of NF-and#61547;B, COX-2, and ILs in peripheral blood samples. These inflammatory markers may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targets for COPD.