Efficient privacy preserving authentication schemes in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network for secure communication

Abstract

newline Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a subset of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) that enables Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. VANET is characterized by self-motivated, dispersed and self-establishing structures. Its importance in enhancing road safety has led to significant interest in academia and industry in improving transportation infrastructure. However, VANET faces security challenges, like non-repudiation, information privacy, validation, accessibility, and reliability, especially in open-access environments. Addressing these security issues is crucial for the successful operation of VANET technology. The foremost aim of this research is to enhance safety in VANETs through an authentication scheme. newlineIn the first phase of this research, a blockchain Inter-Planetary File System (IPFS)-based technique is introduced for verification, endorsement, and safe event distribution in VANETs. It introduces a cooperative event trust framework to identify fraudulent incidences, control event admittance, and revoke misbehaving vehicles. It achieves efficient authentication time, communication and storage costs, and high accuracy in fake event detection. newlineIn the second phase of this research, a new machine learning-based data verification integrated with the blockchain and IPFS is proposed to achieve data dissemination securely. This system uses blockchain technology to ensure tamper-proof event histories in a distributed setting, and the IPFS is utilized for storing events with content addressability. Source metadata gathered from the IPFS is kept by the smart contract and uploaded to the Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT). K-means clustering and Support Vector Machine (SVM) categorizer are adopted for identifying malicious vehicles and event messages, respectively. This ensures only trusted information is disseminated via vehicles. newlineIn the third phase of this research, an authentic method for safety improvement in VANET utilizing the blockchain-aided new routing schem