Bandwidth Enhancement of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Broadband and Ultra Wide Band Applications

Abstract

newlineMicrostrip antennas are one of the most popular topics for research in current antenna newlinetechnology. Due to their compact size they are playing very important role in wireless newlinecommunication, especially, in broadband and ultra wide band applications. In the year newline2002, FCC authorized to use 3.1-10.6 GHz (UWB frequency range) as unlicensed band by. newlineUWB communication became an attractive proposition for research community because of newlineits distinguished benefits such as low cost, less complexity and power consumption, newlinepenetration through any material, etc. Rectangular, square, triangular, circular and elliptical newlinepatch antennas are the most popular geometries among the printed antennas due to their newlinesimple structure and easy mathematical modelling in comparison to complex geometries newlineantenna. In the past years, many modifications in these geometries are analysed and newlineimproved the characteristics in different aspects. Generally, conventional printed antennas newlineare resonating at a single frequency corresponding to their dominant mode. These antennas newlinehave two limitations such as low bandwidth and low gain. In modern wireless newlinecommunication systems high data rate is desirable along with requirement of coexistence newlinewith current communication systems. Thus, these antennas must be capable of resonating newlineon more than one resonant frequency. The broadband and ultra wideband antennas can be newlinemade to resonate on more than one frequency by modifications in their geometry and to newlineprovide improved characteristics such as bandwidth enhancement. The above factors are newlinethe main motivators to venture in design and analysis of certain planner antennas. Since the newlinebandwidth of microstrip patch antenna is very narrow, so bandwidth enhancement is also newlinean essential criteria. newlineIn Ultra-Wideband (UWB) wireless system, considerable research efforts have newlinebeen put in the design of UWB antennas and communication systems. These UWB newlineantennas are essential for providing wireless wideband communications based on the use of newlinevery narrow pulses of the order of nanoseconds, covering a very wide bandwidth in the newlinefrequency domain and over very short distance due to very low power densities. With the newlineburgeoning insistence of higher data transfer speed and internet ingress, the communication newlinesystems with ultra wide band (UWB) operations are well choosing, more prevailing and to newlinenotch the interference signal bands in the ultra wide band frequency range. The research newlinework deals with bandwidth enhancement of microstrip patch antenna suitable for broad newlinevii newlineband and ultra wide band applications. Theoretical performances of these proposed newlineantennas have been studied using standard simulation tools used in industry or academy newlineand then after fabrication experimentally verified. One of the major contributions of the newlinethesis lies in the analysis of the frequency and time-domain response of the designed UWB newlineantennas to confirm their suitability for portable pulsed-UWB system. A technique to avoid newlinenarrow band interference by etching narrow slots on the antenna is also proposed and their