Studies on the effects of Tiletamine Zolazepam Propofol and Sevoflurane Anaesthesia in Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol Premedicated Dogs

Abstract

Thirty-six adult dogs used in the study were randomly divided into 6 subgroups (A-1, A-2, A-3, newlineB-1, B-2 and B-3). All the dogs were administered with atropine sulphate at the dose rate of 0.04 mg/kg newlinebody weight subcutaneously. After five minutes, animals of group A-2 and B-2 were premedicated with newlinedexmedetomidine whereas animals of group A-3 and B-3 were premedicated with dexmedetomidine and newlinebutorphanol at the dose rate of 5 and#956;g/kg body weight and 0.1 mg/kg body weight intravenously. The newlineanimals of groups A-1, A-2, A-3, B-1, B-2 and B-3 induced with tiletamine-zolazepam and propofol at the newlinedose rate of 6.66±0.06 mg/kg iv, 1.86±0.11 mg/kg iv, 1.26±0.02 mg/kg iv, 5±0.06 mg/kg iv, 2.56±0.01 newlinemg/kg iv and 2.16±0.01 mg/kg iv respectively. Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and MAC of newlinesevoflurane was determined by tail clamp method in all the animals. The level of anaesthesia was newlinedetermined by observing various clinical (induction time, duration of anaesthesia, muscle relaxation, pedal newlinereflex, palpebral reflex, analgesia, recovery time, sternal recumbency time, standing time, complete newlinerecovery time, required doses of induction agents and reduction in the % MAC of sevoflurane, newlinephysiological and haemodynamic (rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, newlinehaemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2), electrocardiography), haematological (haemoglobin, total newlineerythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, differential leucocyte count) and biochemical (serum glucose, newlinetotal protein, serum albumin, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, alanine amino transferase, aspartate newlineamino transferase) parameters. Clinical efficacy of the anaesthetic combination was determined by newlineperforming various surgical operations. newlineThe mean induction time reduced in the animals of groups A-2, A-3, B-2 and B-3 after the newlineadministration of preanaesthetic drugs whereas longer duration of anaesthesia, recovery time, sternal newlinerecumbency time, standing time and complete recovery time were observed in the animals of group A-2, newlineA-3, B-2 and B-3 after the administration of preanaesthetic drugs. Adequate muscle relaxation and newlineexcellent analgesia was observed in the post-induction period in all the animals of different groups. Pedal newlineand palpebral reflexes were very weak after the induction with tiletamine-zolazepam in group A-1, A-2 newlineand A-3 whereas it was completely lost after the induction with propofol in group B-1, B-2 and B-3. newlinePreanaesthetic administration of dexmedetomidine and butorphanol reduced the induction dose of drugs newline(propofol and tiletamine-zolazepam) and MAC of sevoflurane. The rectal temperature, heart rate and newlinerespiration rate showed significant decrease at various time interval and reached to the baseline values by newline24 hours post-anaesthesia. SAP, DAP and MAP was decreased non-significantly in group A-1 and B-1 newlinewhereas it showed a significant increase in group A-2, A-3, B-2 and B-3 at respective time interval. newlineSignificant decrease in haemoglobin oxygen saturation was observed after administration of induction newlineagents. Significant reduction in PR interval was observed in animals of group A-1 whereas non-significant newlinechanges were observed in QRS and QT interval in all the groups of animals. Inverted T-wave and sinus newlinedysrhythmia were observed after administration of dexmedetomidine whereas sinus tachycardia was newlineobserved after induction with tiletamine-zolazepam. Transient changes within physiological limits were newlineobserved in haemato-biochemical parameters which reached to baseline values by 24 hours. On the basis newlineof above mentioned parameters, it was observed that the anaesthetic combinations used in the study have newlineleast deleterious effects on different body systems and the most efficacious anaesthetic combination was newlineatropine sulphate-dexmedetomidine-butorphanol-tiletamine-zolazepam-sevoflurane. newline