Studies on The Segmentation of Brain Tissue and Tumor From 3d Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Accuracy of segmentation methods is a great importance in brain image analysis. Tissue classification in Magnetic Resonance brain images (MRI) is an important issue in the analysis of several brain dementias. newlineThis work describes the preprocessing techniques towards brain MR Image segmentation. Preprocessing is an important step in enabling accurate measurement of brain structures. Due to large amount of noise and non-brain region, the accuracy cannot be correctly obtained. Hence the preprocessing techniques are used, the image intensities are firstly standardized using the pixel histograms and Morphological operations are applied to eliminate the non- brain regions or tissue, skull, scalp, dura from brain newlineA large variety of algorithms for segmentation of Brain MRI had been developed. This work aims at to study the performance of segmentation process on MR images of the human brain, using Fuzzy c-means (FCM), Kernel based Fuzzy c-means clustering (KFCM), Spatial Fuzzy c-means (SFCM) and Improved Fuzzy c-means (IFCM). The work covers imaging modalities, MRI and methods for noise reduction and segmentation approaches. All methods are applied on MRI brain images which are degraded by salt-pepper noise demonstrate that the IFCM algorithm performs more robust to noise than the standard FCM algorithm. newlineSegmentation of brain MRIs is a crucial step for many applications in both clinical and neuroscience. It is made difficult by the artifacts inherent in this type of image, their low contrast and the large individual variations that limit the introduction of a priori knowledge. newlineIn preclinical studies of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in analysis of several brain dementias, the use of tissue segmentation for its subsequent analysis and / or recording with other imaging modalities is common. This process is usually performed manually, so a large amount of time is often used depending on the study. This research work proposes a method of segmentation on MRI images of the human brain using Fuzzy c-means (FCM). A PSO (Particle