Evaluation of phytochemicals in shoots and leaves of bambusa balcooa ROXB and their modulatory effects on high fat diet induced changes in mice

Abstract

The global challenge of malnutrition, alongside the rising prevalence of metabolic risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity, overweight, high cholesterol, elevated blood sugar, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has become a significant concern in recent times. Considering the rich tradition of bamboo in therapeutic use and its plentiful supply in the country, this research focused on analyzing the leaves and shoots (both unprocessed and processed) of Bambusa balcooa for nutrients, anti-nutrients, bioactive compounds, functional characteristics, and their potential effects on changes caused by a high-fat diet. The present study provided the valuable insights about the therapeutic potential of B. balcooa extracts as all the extracts has shown the protective ameliorative effect against the weight gain, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high fat diet, with leaf and fermented shoot extracts being the most effective. The rich endowment of bioactive compounds such as phenols, phytosterols, dietary fibers in the leaf and shoots provide them significant functional attributes including higher antioxidant activities, lipid and blood glucose lowering properties, body weight management and improved functioning of vital organs. The leaves of B. balcooa hold significant potential in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry owing to their rich content of bioactive compounds and therapeutic properties. Fermented shoots are the most effective form compared to fresh and boiled shoots and possess higher potential to be employed in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Regular consumption and inclusion of fermented shoots in our diet can offer a wide array of nutrients and bioactive compounds, enhancing overall well-being. However, further research on the extraction and identification of key bioactive compounds, as well as their mechanisms and pathways are required for developing new supplements, topical formulations, excipients, health foods or nutraceuticals. newline