Virtual reality and 3d reconstruction from 2d medical Images

Abstract

newline This thesis describes the theoretical background and implementation of 3D newlineRMSS (Reconstruction from Minimally Selected Slices) system, validation of the newlineconcept and visualization in a 3D desktop virtual environment. The main focus is on newlinebuilding a 3D human head using minimum number of 2D slices. The 3D model is newlinenot reconstructed directly from the 2D head slices, but rather undergo certain newlineprocessing in order to reduce the memory and time required for storage and newlineanalysis. This is the need of the hour since an enormous increase in the variety and newlinevolume of data generated by the imaging modalities is being witnessed. newlineThe 3D RMSS system proposed to create an accurate and smooth 3D newlinereconstruction from 2D medical images comprises of four stages. The first stage is newlinestructural similarity measurement which is used to find out the similarity between newlinesuccessive slices. The retained slices, those that have the similarity value less than a newlinespecified threshold need to be stored while the others are discarded. The second newlinestage incorporates a comparative quantitative analysis among deformable models, newlineiterative phase field segmentation and the proposed phase field segmentation newlinemethod. Since segmentation is confined to the retained slices alone, the time taken newlinefor delineation is considerably reduced. newlineThe process of 3D reconstruction requires the re-creation of omitted slices and newlinehence an efficient slice reconstruction algorithm among linear, registration based newlineinterpolation and modified curvature registration based interpolation has been newlineidentified based on a comparative analysis. This forms the third stage. Refinement newlineof the interpolated results by filling in missing details is performed using modified newlineCahn-Hilliard equation. For 3D reconstruction of these slices, iso-surface newlinereconstruction has been adopted. The combination of refinement and 3D newlinereconstruction forms the final stage of 3D RMSS system. newlineApplication of 3D RMSS system to femur bone with patellar fracture has been newlineperformed and analyzed to prove the effe