Studies on the Synthesis of Modified Carbazole Scaffolds via Pd II Catalyzed C H Functionalization

Abstract

Carbazole scaffolds are an important nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, known to newlinepossess an extensive range of application in various fields of chemical sciences. Several carbazole newlineembedded naturally occurring alkaloids have profound biological activities such as anticancer, newlineanti-Alzheimer, anti-HIV etc. Various FDA approved drug molecules such as alectinib, carvedilol, newlinecarazolol etc constituting the carbazole moiety are well utilized for their treatment in hypertensive newlinedisorders, metastatic breast cancer and small cell lung cancer. Apart from being a bio-active newlinemolecule, it is well recognized as a vital component in material sciences displaying a significant newlinerole in organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaics and solar cells. Owing to widespread newlineapplications, there exists several methods for the synthesizing carbazole motifs via classical routes, newlinetransition metal catalysed C-C and C-N oxidative coupling. In particular, cross-coupling reactions newlineare well utilized for the synthesis as well functionalization of carbazole scaffolds. Although these newlinereactions have led to essential discoveries, but these are often associated with certain limitations. newlineIn contrast, transition-metal catalysed C-H activation/functionalization has surfaced as an newlinealternative to various traditional approaches developed in the past. This protocol generally involves newlinethe functionalization of organic molecules by activating the unreactive carbon hydrogen bonds via newlinetransition metal catalyst, thereby making the synthesis more site-selective and step-economical. newlineKeeping in mind the significance of this approach and varied applications of carbazole scaffold, newlinethis thesis aims to synthesize carbazole-based unnatural amino acids, functionalized carbazole newlinemotifs, biaryl-based carbazoles, unsymmetrical bis carbazoles and and#960;-extended bis carbazoles using newlinepalladium-catalyzed bidentate directing group-assisted C-H functionalization approach. newlineChapter 1 signifies the prominence of carbazole scaffold and explicates the fundamentals of