Molecular approach to identify the effect of and#946; sitosterol on insulin and inflammatory signaling molecules in adipose tissue of high fat diet and sucrose induced type 2 diabetic rats

Abstract

Consumption of high calorie diet and sedentary lifestyle in the present newlinemodernized world is aggressively furnishing to an astonished increase in newlineobesity, which can induce insulin resistance in many target tissues that newlineincreases the pathogenesis of T2DM. It is a growing major health problem newlineworldwide that carries a significant financial burden on society. IDF (2019) newlinereported that at present, there are 463 million people affected with diabetes in newlinethe world and this is likely to increase to 578 million by 2030 and 700 million newlineor more by the year 2045. Usages of oral hypoglycaemic drugs are limited newlinedue to its deleterious side effects and pharmacokinetics properties and there newlineis a need to find more efficacious agents for the management and treatment newlineof diabetes mellitus. Plant sterols are most important group in plants with newlinesimilar structure as that of cholesterol in mammals. Among, various newlinephytosterol, and#946;-sitosterol (SIT) is important sterol, ubiquitously found in many newlineplants, dietary vegetable oils, seeds, fruits, nuts, cereals and legumes. newlineMultitude bioactivities of and#946;-sitosterol have been elicited including antilipidemic newlineand antihyperglycemic activity. A vast body of evidence suggests that high-fat newlinediets are linked to insulin resistance in target tissues such as liver, skeletal newlinemuscle and fat tissue. The relationship between lipid metabolism, adipokines newlineand insulin resistance specify the chief secretory role of adipose tissue. newlineHowever, specific effect of and#946;-sitosterol on insulin signaling molecule remains newlineunclear. Hence, the study was focused to scrutinize the proficiency of newlineand#946;-sitosterol on the modulation of high fat diet induced insulin resistance in newlineadipose tissue. In this study, an analysis was done to determine if and#946;-sitosterol newlinetreatment could exert antidiabetic activity against high fat diet and sucrose newlineinduced type-2 diabetes in rats by using biochemical, gene and protein newlineexpression analysis. newline newline