A Study of Sustainable Livelihood Security Crop and Livestock Diversification and Food Security in Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

newline The concept of sustainable livelihood security (SLS) has a wider generic meaning, encompassing current concerns and policy requirements pertaining to sustainable development (SD). Chambers (1986) has defined sustainable livelihood as a level of wealth and of stocks and flows of food and cash which provide for physical and social well-being and security against becoming poorer . Swaminathan (1991) has defined SLS as livelihood options that are ecologically secure, economically efficient, and socially equitable. Sustainable livelihood can be achieved on different fronts, viz. diversification of crop and livestock, accelerated total factor productivity etc. Crop diversification is a strategy to maximize the use of land, water and other resources and for the overall agricultural development of the farm households. It provides the farmers with viable options to grow different crops on their land. Crop Diversification is very important aspect to ensure food security as it increases food availability due to cultivation of different crops in the same area. Diversification of livestock is also an important component for achieving sustainable livelihood security. Shift in livestock pattern from low productive breeds to high productive breeds is necessary, especially in Uttar Pradesh, which is severely affected by inadequate rainfall, extreme temperature etc. In such situation, livestock contribute a significant source of supplementary income and family nutrition to poor rural people.