Design and Development of Mono and Bimetallic Metal Organic Frameworks and Their Composites for Supercapacitor Applications

Abstract

Supercapacitors are essential energy storage devices that bridge the gap between newlinetraditional capacitors and batteries, offering high power density and long cycle life. newlineTheir rapid charge and discharge capabilities make them suitable for applications newlineranging from electric vehicles to portable electronics. However, conventional electrode newlinematerials often face energy density and stability limitations, prompting the exploration newlineof advanced materials like metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are particularly newlineattractive as electrode materials due to their unique properties, such as high surface area, newlineporosity, and tailored structures. Their large specific surface area enhances charge newlinestorage capacity, while the three-dimensional porous structure facilitates efficient ion newlinetransport, which is crucial for supercapacitor performance. The chemical and structural newlinetunability of MOFs enables optimization for specific applications, potentially newlineovercoming the limitations of traditional materials. Despite these advantages, newlinechallenges such as low intrinsic conductivity and limited cycle life remain. However, newlinerecent advancements in composite materials and hybrid structures have shown promise newlinein enhancing the electrochemical performance of MOF-based supercapacitors. These newlinedevelopments suggest that MOFs could play a pivotal role in the future of flexible and newlineefficient energy solutions, particularly in wearable and portable devices. newlineSilver (Ag-MOF) MOF is initially synthesized using metal and organic linkers newlinethrough a simple one-pot synthesis technique. The structural study identifies the newlinemonoclinic crystal structure of the material, and XRD and TEM analysis confirm its newlinepolycrystalline nature. Nanospheres aggregate to form plate-shaped morphology, newlineproviding more electrochemically active sites and shortening the ion newlineintercalation/deintercalation pathway, resulting in remarkable electrochemical newlineperformance. A maximum specific capacity of 606 C g-1 is achieved at a current density newlineof 1 A g-1 in a three-electrode system. An asymmetric