Study on Cryptococcus profile associated with HIV positive patients and their emerging treatments

Abstract

newline ABSTRACT newlineCryptococcal meningitis is a dangerous fungal infection in both of HIV and non newlineHIV patients. Accordingly, from the recent taxonomy the fungus is divided into two types of newlinespecies namely Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii). The infection of HIV is accepted newlineglobally as a major disease that for the evolution of Cryptococcal meningitis for cases of 80-90% newlineand it is a abandon disease. Totally 150 HIV patients with meningitis were selected in this study. newlineFrom them, 13 have Cryptococcal meningitis of which 10 were found to have primary episode newlineand 3 have relapse episode. The ubiquity of Cryptococcal meningitis was noted as 10.58% and newlinemost of the patients were males with ratio of 81.25% and female in the ratio of 5.3:1. In this newlinestudy the mostly affected persons were in the age of 41-50. The chief symptom found was newlineheadache in 89.47% next vomiting in 63.16% and fever in 42.11% patients. It has increased newlineprotein levels in 73.68% and also cell counts in 78.94%. Lymphocyte was the principal cell type newlineand absence of CSF cells in two patients. Between these patients, the primary episode of CM, newlinepreparation of Indian ink was noted as positive 10 cases, positive LAT was found in 1 case and newlineculture in two patients. In relapse patients Indian ink preparation was positive in 66.67%), LAT newlinein 100% and culture in 33.33%. The microbroth dilution method was performed to test newlineantifungal susceptibility; the isolates of C.neoformans and C.gattii were susceptible. We newlineobserved the MIC levels of amphotericin-B by micro dilution method observed from 0.10- newline0.4and#956;g/ml and 0.016-0.256and#956;g/ml in E test. The MIC for the drugs Fluconazole from 0.10 0.4 newlineand 1.0-8.0 and Voriconazole also observed from 0.06-0.24 respectively.