Biochemical characterization and analysis of bioactive compound using hairy root system in Spilanthes acmella L and Solanum nigrum L

Abstract

Solanum nigrum Linn. (black nightshade) and Spilanthes acmella Linn. are the medicinal plants from family Solanaceae and Asteraceae respectively. Both the plants are known for their antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and larvicidal activity. Solasodine and Spilanthol are main bioactive compounds present in Solanum nigrum and Spilanthes acmella respectively. newlineHairy roots are the best source for extraction of secondary metabolites than the natural parts of the plant; hence, the main aim of study is to evaluate biochemical composition and analysis of bioactive compounds from hairy roots of Solanum nigrum and Spilanthes acmella. newlinePlants were collected from Lonavala, Maharashtra, India and maintained in green house. In-vitro culture was established and hairy roots were induced by A rhizogenes (ATCC 15834). Media was optimized for optimum growth and extracts were prepared for Field Grown Roots (FGRs) and Hairy Roots (HRs) using different solvents. newlineTotal phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids assays were carried out and it showed significant increase in HRs than the FGRs within different solvents. The antioxidant potential was evaluated and compared between HRs and FGRs with the help of DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, RO and SO assays. HRs showed higher antioxidant activity than the FGRs. newlineAntimicrobial activity of FGRs and HRs was done and HRs showed high antimicrobial activity than the FGRs. Different phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by using RP-HPLC method. newlineElicitation studies was done with Chitosan, Methyl Jasmonate and Salicylic acid as elicitors. Elicitation study showed significant increase in root biomass, secondary metabolite and antioxidant enzymes. newlineSolasodine and Spilanthol were quantified from Solanum nigrum and Spilanthes acmella plants respectively using RP-HPLC and higher content was observed in HRs than the FGRs. Solasodine and Spilanthol were isolated, purified from FGRs, HRs and HRs treated by elicitors and confirmed by RP-HPLC, FT-IR and NMR. newline newline