A study of utility of biochemical Markers for risk assessment and mortality prediction in alcoholic liver diseases

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are major causes of chronic liver diseases. There is a need of an accurate non-invasive differentiation between these entities and reliable assessment of disease severity remain challenging. The present study aimed to improve differential diagnosis between ALD and NAFLD using a gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) corrected Alcoholic Non- alcoholic Index (ANI) and to develop a numerical biomolecular scoring system using 5 parameters for assessing ALD severity. newlineThe current study provided a GGT-corrected ANI as an improved diagnostic accuracy in differentiating ALD from NAFLD compared to uncorrected indices. The GGT value in the ANI formula to enhanced sensitivity and specificity of ANI for differential diagnosis between ALD and NAFLD. Further the study developed a scoring system using five biomolecules- Bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, Ferritin and CRP which are associated with alcohol-induced liver injury to construct a severity scoring model. Each biomolecule was assigned an individual score based on its concentration range, and the cumulative score was used to stratify patients according to ALD severity. It was observed that high composite scores were associated with greater biochemical derangement, reflecting advanced disease stages, as these biomolecules are closely associated with the different mechanisms for liver injury and inflammation. newlineThe combined approach offers enhanced diagnostic precision, early risk stratification, and improved prognostic assessment. These tools may aid clinicians in monitoring disease progression, guiding targeted interventions, and improving patient outcomes in alcoholic liver disease. newline