Studies On Molecular Epidemiology Of Brucellosis And Tuberculosis In Cattle And Buffaloes

Abstract

Brucellosis and tuberculosis are neglected zoonoses having worldwide public newlinehealth concern. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the prevalence of newlinebrucellosis and tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes, detect and identify the species by newlinePCR, understand the genetic diversity among the detected species, investigate the newlineantimicrobial resistance of pathogens and evaluate the risk factors associated with the newlineoccurrence of these diseases. newlineA total of 1070 samples comprising of 330 blood samples, 185 milk samples, newline310 nasal swabs and 245 vaginal swabs from 300 cattle and 30 buffaloes which were newlinereared along with cows were collected and examined for detection of brucellosis and newlinemycobacteriosis in different production systems viz., intensive (110), semi-intensive newline(110) and extensive system (110). The overall prevalence of brucellosis and newlinemycobacteriosis was 6.06% (20/330) and 3.33% (11/330), respectively among the newlineanimals studied. The prevalence of both the diseases was higher in farms with newlineintensive production system and larger herd size. Sexually active (2-10 years) and newlineaged animals (5-10 years) were at risk of infection for brucellosis and tuberculosis, newlinerespectively. Exotic breeds of cattle were more susceptible to mycobacteriosis newlinecompared to indigenous breeds. newlineRose bengal plate test (BPT) and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent newlineassay (iELISA) tests revealed almost perfect agreement (and#1050;=0.92) with each other. newlineWhile, SIT and IFN-and#947; ELISA tests revealed substantial agreement (and#1050;=0.50) with each newlineother. The species of Brucella recognized by Bruce-ladder multiplex PCR in cattle newlinewere found to be B. melitensis (4) and B. abortus (5) out of 09 samples confirmed by newlinePCR. Further, all the Mycobacterium spp. detected by PCR were differentiated as non newlinetuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) by commercial qPCR kit. Brucella species newlinedisplayed genetic homogeneity by both PCR-Restriction Fragment Length newlinePolymorphism (RFLP) and Repetitive Element Palindromic (REP)-PCR techniques. newlineMultiple Antimicrobial Resistance (MAR) index for B.abortus