Pollution Studies of Underground and Surface Water Due to Agriculture Chemicals

Abstract

The water bodies like ponds, lakes, wells, rivers are polluted by human activities such as industrial, agriculture and domestic. The ground water is too deep in the earth and considered to be safe. The increasing demand of the food product results in the more and more application of various chemicals in agriculture. Earlier studies show that the water bodies are severely affected by these chemicals. Fertilizer, fungicides, weedicides, pesticides and insecticides are used in agriculture to increase the productivity. The present study deals in the effect of various agriculture chemicals on the surface water and underground water in Dhar Madhya Pradesh. Three rivers, three ponds and four tube wells were selected for study. The water quality parameters determined for three year. newlineThe water samples taken from rivers do not show any pollution due to the chemicals. The surface water from ponds also not affected appreciably. The results of tube well water from different areas of the region indicate that all the parameters are within the permissible limit prescribed by BIS. Even the tube well of agriculture field is also not affected by the agriculture chemicals. Some parameers are higher than normal in the study area but change is not regular.It is concluded that the agriculture chemicals are not affecting the quality of surface as well as underground water. newlineIt is recommended to use the bio fertilizers and bio pesticides in the agriculture to minimise the use of chemicals in agriculture. Organic compost is best alternative for fertilizer. Manual removal of weeds from the field can be used in place of weedicide. Also many biological methods of pest control are available that can be used to control the pest. These methods will certainly not affect the water quality and give good productivity of crops.