Study of Bacteriological Profile of Neonatal Septicemia and the Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Their Isolates a Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Jharkhand

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is a severe infection caused by pathogens entering the bloodstream, leading to severe sepsis and an inflammatory disorder. It is the primary cause of illness and death among newborns globally. Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) occurs within the first three days of life, while delayed onset sepsis (LONS) occurs between 72 hours to 28 days after birth. Microorganisms enter the bloodstream through various entry points, and when the immune system is overwhelmed, septicemia symptoms occur. Infections can spread from mother to child through homogenous spread, vertical transmission in the uterus, or during childbirth. Sepsis is the top cause of illness and death in infants, with India having the highest prevalence worldwide. Newborn mortality rates vary based on social, educational, and geographic factors. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasing in developing nations, leading to neonatal sepsis. Rapid diagnosis is challenging due to uncertain clinical manifestations and reliance on antibiotic treatment. Understanding causative agents and antibiotic susceptibility patterns can help identify appropriate therapy. The study aims to identify the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity and resistance of the causative organisms causing Neonatal Septicemia. newlineA cross-sectional study was conducted at MGM Medical College Hospital Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, involving 228 blood samples of septicemic neonates. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data from parents of neonates suspected of sepsis. Clinical data from both mothers and neonates was extracted from Bed Head Ticket (BHT). Blood samples were dispensed into a 20ml mixture of Brain Heart Infusion broth for blood culture, and isolated organisms were identified using standard microbiological protocol. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method in accordance to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institutes (CLSI) guidelines. newline