development and identification of superior cgms and tgms based rice hybrids for their grain yield and quality

Abstract

newline Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a principal food crop of south and southeastern countries newlineand it is the staple food for more than two-thirds of the Indian population. Despite the newlineearlier success in rice production, which made India self-sufficient, the future years newlinewarrant refined approaches to overcome the yield plateau and stagnant genetic potential newlineand feed ever growing population. The development and demonstration of the newlinecommercial feasibility of hybrid technology in China by the late 1970s marked the newlinesecond major landmark in the history of rice breeding. Impressed with how the newlinetechnology found extensive adoption and enabled China to achieve major breakthroughs newlinein rice production and productivity, many countries in tropical Asia revived interest in newlinehybrid rice breeding. In the present study, 1000 hybrids were generated by crossing 500 newlinegermplasm lines (male) with one CGMS female line (IR79156A) and one TGMS female newlineline (IR75589) and were evaluated in test cross nursery at Hyderabad and 322 hybrids newlinewere selected for further production and multilocation testing. Among the lines tested in newlinetest cross nursery on CGMS female, 60% lines are either partial restorers or partial newlinemaintainers. The maintainers proportion was 9% and restorer was 33%. The seed newlineproduction of 322 hybrids was carried out in Rajmundry during post rainy season of newline2017. TGMS female on an average across 161 combinations yielded 6.25g F1 seed yield newlineper plant in comparison to 4.95g F1 seed in CMS female. It was observed that TGMS newlinefemales in general have higher seed production potential than the CMS female. In our newlinestudy TGMS female yielded 26% higher seed yield than CGMS female on an average newlineacross male lines. The selected 322 hybrids along with ten check entries were evaluated newlinefor their stability at six locations across North Central India in 2018 viz., Patna (E1) and newlinePurnea (E2) in Bihar, Lucknow (E3), Gosaiganj (E4), Barabanki (E5) and Prayagraj (E6) newlinein Uttar Pradesh. The observations on nine biometrical traits viz.,