Design and development of sustainable intelligent cyber physical social system solid waste reduction

Abstract

The iron age led to the industrial revolution, enhancing the economy newlinebut negatively impacting the environment through emissions, resource misuse, newlineand improper waste management. Advancements in technology improved living newlinestandards but also led to increased waste. Waste, or by-products, accumulates newlineover time and without proper management, leading to landfills, chemical lakes, newlineand smog. Improper waste management contributes to climate change, with newlineglobal temperatures rising 1.1C above pre-industrial levels. The United Nations newlineurges global efforts to reduce global mean temperature below 2C and 1.5C, newlinerequiring smarter technologies and citizen efforts. The industrial revolution has newlineimproved technological inventions, transforming waste into by-products or newlineresources. Industry 4.0 integrates technologies like Cyber Physical Systems newline(CPS), cloud computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics to newlinemaintain sustainability and create a circular economy. The waste management newlinehierarchy prioritizes technologies like redesign, reduce, reuse, recycle/compost, newlinematerial recovery, and residuals management. newlineSo, by utilizing industry 4.0 technologies and following Waste newlineHierarchy 7.0 (WH7.0), this thesis proposes a set of sustainable waste newlinemanagement frameworks. The proposed frameworks target both the product newlinewaste and process waste through optimization and sustainable development. newlineEach framework was applied on various waste streams like industrial chemical newlineprocess waste, food waste and event decoration waste. The commonality newlinebetween them is CPS and sustainability evaluation strategy, each framework is newlineevaluated for environmental, economical and social sustainability characteristics. newlineOnly a handful of solutions in the waste management literature have done newlinesustainability analysis, and so this research gap is also targeted in this thesis. newline newline