Experimental investigations on hydrogen and biodiesel with natural antioxidant additive in a compression ignition engine

Abstract

The worldwide population growth increases the consumption of global newlineenergy, which increases fossil fuel utilization. Among the various sectors, the newlineconsumption of fossil fuel is more in the automobile sector and it is estimated newline70 to 80% of the total energy utilized. By 2030 fossil fuel demand for the newlineworld will be 106 Mb/d and this huge demand cannot be met from available newlinefossil fuel and it can be reduced by using bio-fuels in various applications. newlineThe usage of Compression Ignition engines (CI) worldwide is newlineincreasing day by day and it consumes huge amount of diesel fuel. A new newlinetechnology has to be implemented to use renewable fuels in the CI engine to newlinemeet the present and future demands of fuel. Bio-fuel technology can be newlineimplemented in CI engine to reduce diesel fuel consumption. CI engines are newlineused in heavy-duty applications like ships, civil work equipment, newlineautomobiles, power generation, etc., because of their high pulling power and newlineimproved performance than Spark ignition (SI) engines. newlineAmong the various bio-fuels, biodiesel and hydrogen plays an newlineimportant role, and many research studies proved that it is promising newlinealternative fuels for CI engine. Biodiesel is obtained from plant oil or animal newlinefat through the esterification process. The usage of biodiesel shows low newlineperformance and higher NOx emission. Therefore, in biodiesel-operated CI newlineengine performance can be improved by using hydrogen as fuel. Since newlinehydrogen is known as a zero-emission and clean fuel it liberates only water newlinevapor during the combustion process. The hydrogen is mixed with air and it is newlineignited from the flame through biodiesel auto ignition temperature.