Development Of Adaptive Protection Scheme For Microgrid

Abstract

The technological development in Renewable Energy Sources (RES) makes newlineintegration with the utility grid feasible. The RES-based Distribution Generation (DG) has newlinemany advantages: convenient power supply, cleaner and greener energy, availability, and newlineeconomical. Moreover, a microgrid has a unique ability in grid-connected (GC) mode, as newlinethe DGs are active with the main grid. However, it can be used as a standalone system to newlinefeed the loads in the islanded (IS) mode of operation. Based on the type of DG newlineinterconnection, the microgrid is classified as AC, DC, and hybrid (AC/DC). Each of these newlinehas specific challenges like in (a) AC microgrid: false tripping, short-circuit current level, newlinebidirectional power flow, and blindness of protection, (b) DC microgrid: grounding, fault newlinedirection, and non-availability of zero crossing and (c) hybrid microgrid: bidirectional newlinepower flow, the difference in fault current level, and compatibility issue of protective newlinedevices are also impacting power flow adversely. These challenges make the DG-integrated newlinemicrogrid critical to operate smoothly. So, a robust, efficient protective architecture is newlinenecessary, which will cater to these disturbances successfully. Recently, many new newlinemethodologies have been adapted using current, voltage, and frequency signals. The signal newlinelevel synthesis gives the much-needed insight and helps to act proactively. Therefore, newlineconsidering all these factors, this research focuses on developing a comprehensive newlineprotective architecture that will detect, locate, and differentiate the disturbance to limit the newlineimpact and revert the DG-integrated system to normalcy as quickly as possible. newlineInitially, in this work, a detailed review of protective challenges and solutions of peer newlineworks for AC, DC, and hybrid microgrids are extensively carried out. It helps to figure out newlinethe research gap more adequately. Subsequently, different standardizations for power newlinesystem modeling are studied, and IEC based module is selected. The scope of newlineinteroperability, flexibility between different m