Development of Electrodes and Supercapacitors Using Carbon Derived from Agricultural Crop Residues

Abstract

The increasing renewable energy materials for electrochemical energy storage newlinehave opened up the exploration of suitable materials for the production of highly porous newlinecarbon. Rapid and sustained change is necessary to meet the pressing demands of a newlinesustainable global energy system and frontier climate change, requiring the creation of newlinenew, potentially useful applications. But examining the exhaust of given the global newlinenature of energy, it is recognized that dependable energy networks are necessary for newlinefuture technology adaptation. The development of cost-effective and highly efficient newlineenergy storage devices like supercapacitors with better electrochemical energy newlinecharacteristics is much needed in the present decade. Hence, the present study was newlineundertaken to utilize the agricultural crop residues like corncob and wheat straw as newlinebiomass to produce carbon. The carbon was produced using the vacuum pyrolyzer at newlinetemperatures of 500, 600 and 700 and#8451;. After the carbon production, it was successfully newlinetransformed into activated carbon using wet and dry KOH activation methods. Later newlineon, the surface modifications like pore surface, change in functional groups, elemental newlinecarbon presence and nature of graphitization in the activated carbon samples were newlineanalyzed with the suitable nano instruments available in sophisticated laboratories. newlineThe high porous surface area of wheat straw was 1093.46 m2/g in the dry newlineactivation process and the carbon production temperature of 600 and#8451;. The distribution of newlinemicropores was also observed in the scanning electron microscopy analysis. The highly newlineporous activated carbon was used for the fabrication of the electrodes by making the newlineproportions of (AC of 80, 90, 100 and 0 wt%), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and newlineusing the N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) solution on the different current collector newlinematerials like copper, stainless stell and aluminium. With CV scan rates of 5, 10, and newline50 mV/s, GCD of 0.5, 1, and 10 A/g, and the EIS at 10 mHz to 100 kHz, the newlineelectrochemical