Preparation and Investigations of 2D Nanomaterials and their Nanocomposites for Energy Applications

Abstract

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has led to the exploration of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, offering unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties that make them ideal candidates for energy applications. This thesis presents a comprehensive study on the synthesis, characterization, and application of 2D nanomaterials and their nanocomposites, focusing on solar energy conversion and supercapacitor applications. newlineThe study begins with a detailed review of 2D nanomaterials, emphasizing their structural and optoelectronic properties for energy applications involving solar cells and supercapacitors. Subsequent chapters discuss synthesis methods and characterization techniques, providing insights into thin-film deposition and material analysis such as, structural, optical, morphological, microstructural, electrical, electrokinetic and electrochemical analysis. The research investigates MoSand#8322; nanospheres synthesized via microwave-assisted hydrothermal routes, demonstrating their potential in solar cells with favourable bandgap and electrochemical properties. Further, the thesis explores monoclinic WOand#8323; nanorods, highlighting bandgap modulation and enhanced energy conversion capabilities. newlineA key focus is on hybrid structures, such as MoSand#8322;/WOand#8323; and WSand#8322;/WOand#8323; nanocomposites, where systematic variations in precursor ratios optimize optical and electrochemical performance for solar applications. The thesis also examines carbon-integrated C/WSand#8322;/WOand#8323; nanocomposites, demonstrating improved charge storage and supercapacitor efficiency. newlineConcluding with future perspectives, the findings underscore the synergistic effects in nanocomposites, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable energy solutions. Further research is proposed on optimizing synthesis strategies, exploring novel architectures, and advancing real-world integration to address global energy challenges. newline