Morphometric analysis of angle of torsion and neck shaft angle of humerus and femur a comparative study

Abstract

quotABSTRACT newlineIntroduction: The most important feature that makes humans different is the bipedal locomotion and prehensile use of hands. The legs and hands are quietly modified from that of other primates in their unique architecture and built. Evolution of this bipedalism brought various modifications in the long bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles. Bipedal standing and locomotion is energy efficient process as it requires proper balancing of the body weight. Evolution of bipedalism decreased the shoulder stability as the hands were modified for prehension rather than weight transmission. The proximal angulations of long bones in the pectoral and pelvic girdle has shown different degrees of variations like gender, race and region. So the torsion and the neck-shaft angle of humerus and femur has got anthropological and surgical importance. newlineAim: To analyse the normal neck-shaft angle (NSA) and torsion of the femur and newlinehumerus in Western Indian population. newlineMaterials and Methods: The Cross sectional Analytical study was carried out in a total of 600 dried bones (300 Femur and 300 Humerus) of unknown age and gender without any defect or damage collected from various medical institutions of Western India. The neck shaft angle and the angle of femoral torsion was measured. Mean and standard deviation were calculated. Students t tests was applied to ascertain the statistical difference between right and left bones. Pearson s correlation coefficient was used to fine the correlation between NSA and torsion. newlineResults: The average neck-shaft angle of femur was 128.55 ±6.99°. The mean values were 130.70±6.03° and 126.41±7.22° on right and left sides respectively with statistically significant difference(plt0.001). The average femoral torsion was found to be 16.43±2.34°. No statistically significant difference was found between right and left femorae. The mean NSA of humerus was 131.26±5.82º. The mean values of NSA were significantly greater on right side. A P value of 0.001indicated statistically significant differ