Development of 1 3 dialkyl 1 2 3 benzotriazolium salts and their application in energy storage devices

Abstract

Ionic liquids (ILs), also known as green solvents, are used in green chemistry to reduce chemical operation s environmental impact. IL can make chemical operations more sustainable and environmentally friendly by substituting toxic solvents. Energy crisis-driven need for sustainable energy production is a key study area. Demand exists for safe, eco-friendly, recyclable energy storage systems. ILs are a good alternative to conventional electrolytes due to their tunability, high ionic conductance, thermal and chemical stability, non-volatility, larger electrochemical window, and compatibility. Years of energy storage research have focused on them. ILs are adjustable, thus cationic and anionic species and their mixtures can provide specific features. IL expedition still has a wider reach. The much-studied imidazolium and recently developed triazolium cations contribute to energy storage. Compared to triazoles, benzotriazoles have superior thermal and chemical stability, melting and boiling points, and owing to their notable redox characteristic and stable structure makes them unique and interesting compound to study their application in energy storage. This thesis majorly aims at introducing an effective synthesis route for dialkylated benzotriazolium ILs and to report a library of benzotriazolium ILs with their thermal and electrochemical properties which can be used further for the purpose of energy storage. The first chapter reviews the literature on energy storage, supercapacitors, their evolution, their components, and how to improve their efficiency. It then discusses how ionic liquids are a better energy storage factor than conventional electrolytes. The scope and objectives of the chosen endeavor are also explained. The second chapter is about the materials used and the methodologies adopted for synthesis of dialkylated benzotriazolium ILs along with their ionic liquid incorporated gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) preparation. We discussed about all the electrode material synthesis, electrode...