Design And Reliable Framework for Mobile Adhoc Network

Abstract

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) represent a transformative model in wireless communication, characterized by decentralized and dynamic topologies where nodes communicate without fixed infrastructure. However, MANETs face challenges such as limited bandwidth, interference, scalability issues, and spectrum scarcity due to reliance on static frequency allocations. newline newlineCognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs) build upon MANETs by integrating cognitive radio technology to overcome these limitations. CRAHNs enable dynamic spectrum access, allowing nodes to sense and utilize underutilized frequency bands intelligently. This improves spectrum efficiency and network performance but introduces new challenges, particularly in routing, due to the need for spectrum-aware, adaptive, and secure communication protocols. newline newlineRouting in both MANETs and CRAHNs is complicated by dynamic topologies, limited energy, frequent disconnections, and interference. In response, this research initially proposes a novel Power Optimal Location-Based Routing Protocol for IoT (POLRP-IoT). Specifically designed for energy- and location-constrained IoT-based Ad Hoc networks, POLRP-IoT demonstrates superior performance in terms of energy consumption and delay when compared with existing protocols like AODV, NSSROP, and HMSFO-EARS. newline newlineAs the study progressed, attention shifted to the evolving potential of CRAHNs. A new integrated routing protocol was developed, incorporating cognitive functionalities to support dynamic spectrum access, quality of service (QoS), trust, and security. Grounded in the IntServ model, the proposed protocol adapts to varying spectrum availability and trust values, offering a comprehensive solution for real-time applications in CRAHNs. newline newlineSimulation and analytical evaluations show the proposed protocol significantly improves throughput and reduces delay, outperforming existing CRAHN protocols such as Q-RACARP and RACARP, thereby validating its effectiveness in meeting the diverse demands of cognitive radio environments. newline newline