Development and Investigation of V2O5 based Nanocomposite

Abstract

The increasing demand for high performance energy storage systems has driven extensive research into multifunctional electrode material with enhanced capacitance, stability and conductivity. This research focus on rational design, synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) based nanocomposites for advanced supercapacitor applications. The work systematically investigates the role of morphology, interfacial chemistry and hybrid composition in governing charge storage mechanism and electrochemical performance. newlineA series of nanocomposite systems including coconut shell derived activated carbon (CS-AC), Vand#8322;Oand#8325; nanosheets and nanorods, CS-AC/Vand#8322;Oand#8325;, Vand#8322;Oand#8325;/NiO, and Vand#8322;Oand#8325;/NiO/rGO were synthesized primarily via hydrothermal methods. Structural and morphological characterizations using SEM, TEM, SAED, XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the crystallinity of Vand#8322;Oand#8325; and the porous, amorphous nature of activated carbon play complementary roles in charge storage. Electrochemical performance was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). newlineCS-AC exhibited dominant electric double-layer capacitance with a high specific capacitance of 353 mA Fgand#8315;¹, excellent capacitance retention, and stable cycling performance. Vand#8322;Oand#8325; nanosheets demonstrated superior pseudocapacitive behavior owing to their layered structure, facilitating efficient ion diffusion and redox reactions, achieving a specific capacitance of 441.25 mA Fgand#8315;¹. The integration of Vand#8322;Oand#8325; nanorods with CS-AC improved mechanical stability and capacitance retention, although excessive oxide loading led to partial pore blockage. newlineCompositional optimization of CS-AC/Vand#8322;Oand#8325; composites revealed that higher activated carbon content significantly reduced charge transfer resistance and enhanced electrochemical performance. Furthermore, antimicrobial studies confirmed that pure Vand#8322;Oand#8325; nanoparticles exhibit superior antibacterial activity compared to their composites. The incorpor