Embryo Morphology Has Salutary Effects On Art A Study Related To Sperm Morphology

Abstract

Inability to conceive after 12-18 months of unprotected intercourse newlinenecessitates medical intervention, to aid in assisting couple to conceive and bear a newlinechild. Such couple who are unable to conceive without medical intervention are newlinecalled as infertile. Studies and surveys indicate that about 15-20% couple worldwide newlineface problems in conceiving spontaneously and absolute number of such couple is newlineon the increase due to various factors not just limiting to medical reasons, but, also newlineto factors like delayed marriage, economic stability, lifestyle disorders etc., newlineTypically the medical management of infertility falls in to 4 quadrants namely newline1. Problems in ovaries 2. Problems in uterus 3. Problems in fallopian tubes and 4. newlineProblems in sperms. From the above we can notice that male partner s contribution newlineto spontaneous conception is only one of the four quadrants but in acuity contributes newlineto almost 40% to infertility. Only semen analysis is the gold standard for analyzing newlinethe male factor parameters. World Health Organization from 1978 started proposing newlinestandardization in human sperm analysis and released its first edition of newlineStandardized examination of human semen in 1980. Till date WHO has released 6 newlineeditions and latest being 2021 edition. WHO methods and proposed threshold levels newlinenegatively correlate with spontaneous conception. Hence, an above normal threshold newlinevalues in various sperm parameter cannot guarantee a positive conception but, newlineparameters below normal threshold definitely results in negative conception. WHO newlinealways proposed liberal approach in sperm morphology estimation, sperms which newlineare highly pleomorphic and about 3000+ varieties of normal sperm population newlineexists, hence, WHO documented all observable abnormal forms in sperms and if newlineobserver was advised to report anything which was not abnormal as normal newlinemorphology. But, in 1987-1990 scientists by morphometric in vivo studies of newlinesperms at the cervix and uterine cavity after intercourse and also during IVF sperms newlineattached to the zona pellucida of oocyte, repo