Plant derived nanoparticles for malaria treatment

Abstract

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. newlineMost of the available medication are losing their efficacy. Therefore, it is crucial to create newlinefresh leads to combat malaria. Green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have recently attracted newlinea lot of attention in biomedical research. As a result, green mediated AgNPs from leaves newlineand bark of Terminalia bellirica and Prosopis juliflora, a medicinal plant with purported newlineantimalarial effects, were used in this investigation. Initially, cysteine/methionine-rich newlineproteins (M18 aspartyl aminopeptidase, Pf12p, and tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase) from newlinePlasmodium species were studied computationally as potential therapeutic targets. Natural newlinecompounds from the leaves and bark constituents (Rutin, and#946;-Glucogallin, Quercetin-3-Orutinoside, newlineAstragalin Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, Bellericoside, Isorhamnetin-3-Oglucoside, newlineLuteolin-7-O-glucoside, and and#946;-Glucogallin) of T. bellirica and P. juliflora were newlineinteracted with the selected drug targets via hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds and the newlinedocking scores between them was -9.93 to -11.25 kcal/mol. The green mediated silver newlinenanoparticles were afterward produced using leaf extract and were further examined using newlineUV-vis spectrophotometer, DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM. The size of newlinegreen mediated AgNPs was validated by the FESEM results; the average size of TBLAgNPs newlinewas around 44.05 nm. The zeta potential study also supported the green mediated newlineAgNPs stability. Additionally, Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) cultures were used to assess newlinethe antimalarial efficacy, and green mediated TBL-AgNPs and TBB-AgNPs could newlineeffectively inhibit the parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs) as compared to PJL-AgNPs and newlinePJB-AgNPs. In conclusion, this novel class of AgNPs may be used as a potential newlinetherapeutic replacement for the treatment of malaria. newline